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Chemotherapy as a cancer treatment tounge using drugs can not be separated from side effects. Anti-cancer drugs can result in damage to healthy tissue, such as bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract epithelium, the cells of the skin and hair follicles, the reproductive system and nervous system.
Manifestations tounge in the oral cavity is a complication of a variety of side effects tounge that occur, because the oral complications can occur directly as the effects of anti-cancer drugs and may also occurred as a result of damage to other body tissues. Therefore kornplikasi oral unavoidable, but can be minimized tounge by pre-treatment oral action. Severity of oral complications that occur depending on dose and duration of drug administration and the condition of the patient's mouth when going rnenjalani chemotherapy.
Anticancer drug that usually tounge causes mouth ulcers include methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, actinomycin D, Adriamycin, bleomycin, and daunorubicin. Drugs that sometimes cause ulcers, among others, 6-mecaptopurine, hydroxyurea, vinblastine and procarbazine (Lynch et al., 1994).
Anticancer drugs can cause mouth ulcers directly or indirectly. Drugs that cause stomatitis will indirectly depress tounge the bone marrow and the immune response that causes an invasive infection in the oral mucosa.
Several types of drugs, such as methotrexate causing ulcers through a direct tounge effect on the replication and growth of epithelial cells by inhibiting protein synthesis mouth and nucleic acids resulting in thinning and ulceration of the oral mucosa. While alkaloids such as cyclophosphamide resulted in leucopenia tounge and ulcer formation of secondary (Lynch et al., 1994; Langlais & Miller, 2000).
Multiple ulcer lesions in the mouth as an indirect result of chemotherapeutic drugs is characterized by a large necrotic ulcers and deep, very typical, without slit and with basic network experience minimal inflammation, which can attack all mucosal surfaces (Lynch et al., 1994).
These lesions can be distinguished clinically from other types of lesions tounge and clinical features of the lesions. At chemotherapeutic ulcers, lesions form an acute ulcer with a history of multiple new receiving tounge chemotherapy (Lynch et al., 1994).
Utuk all cultures is highly recommended because it tends to infected lesions Gram-negative organisms and fungi, and because of the similarity, the ulcer-ulcer recurrence can resemble latent herpes simplex virus (Langlais & Miller, 2000).
Therapy with reduced doses of medication tounge when the pain became severe and are not enough nutrients and fluids. Giving a local anesthetic to relieve the symptoms, whereas ronggga oral hygiene measures, including antimicrobial ingredients are like khlorhexidin important to prevent secondary infection, jarigan nekosis soft and bone necrosis. Consultation and open communication between general practitioners and dentists can help reduce complications and improve the comfort of the mouth (Langlais & Miller, 2000).
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